What Happens When Abused Men Call Domestic Violence Hotlines and Shelters?

Over the years, I have been involved in many cases where a husband was physically abused by his wife.  I believe that all domestic violence is terrible and should not be tolerated – regardless of whether the victim is a woman or a man. In some of these cases, I've been told that in our area, men don't receive the same assistance when they are abused that women do. 

I read an interesting article a couple of weeks ago by Glenn Sacks on the topic of whether the "mainstream domestic violence establishment and its 'men as perpetrators/women as victims' conceptual framework is properly serving those involved in family violence."  This article discussed a conference which reported the following interesting statistics:

  • About a third of all domestic violence injuries are suffered by men.
  • Of the abused men who called domestic violence hotlines, 64% were told that they "only helped women."
  • Only 8% of the men who called hotlines classified them as "very helpful," whereas 69% found them to be "not at all helpful."
  • Sixteen percent said the people at the hot line "dismissed or made fun of them."
  • Twelve percent of the hotlines accused the man of being the batterer or responsible for the abuse.
  • Of the men who sought help by contacting local domestic violence programs, only 10% found them to be "very helpful," whereas 65% found them to be "not at all helpful."

I find these statistics to be very disturbing, as gender should not play a role in the aid given to victims of domestic violence.  I welcome my readers' comments about this subject.  If you are interested in reading more about this topic, I recommend you read Mr. Sacks' article and the references listed therein.

Source:  "Researcher: What Happens When Abused Men Call Domestic Violence Hotlines and Shelters?" by Glenn Sacks, published at his Fathers & Families blog.

College Students Take to Stage to Address Domestic Violence

My law partner's oldest daughter recently took place in “Finding Voice”, a production at Converse College about the important issue of domestic violence.  This play was quite unique, in that many of the words used on stage come from real domestic violence victims here in Spartanburg County.  You can read much more about this production here, including a video of the story. 

Source:  "Students Take Domestic Violence To Stage" by Melissa Keeney, published at WSPA.com.

S.C. Supreme Court Takes Closer Look at Orders for Protection

The South Carolina Supreme Court issued an important decision today regarding cases heard under the Protection from Domestic Abuse Act.  This statute set forth in S.C. Code § 20-4-10 et seq enables victims of domestic violence to seek an "Order for Protection" to prevent such future abuse.

In Moore v. Moore, after the husband's was arrested for criminal domestic violence (CDV), the wife filed an action pursuant to the above-referenced Act, and she requested an emergency hearing.  At that hearing, the wife was offered a continuance to obtain counsel, but the husband’s request for a continuance was denied.  At that hearing, the Family Court found that the husband had abused the wife and their son, and it issued an Order of Protection.

The Court found that the husband was provided procedural due process prior to the issuance of the Order of Protection, and it affirmed the decision of the Family Court. The Court then found that an Order of Protection issued pursuant to an emergency hearing (a) is temporary, (b) does not represent a final adjudication of the merits of the action, and (c) should not be used against a party in future litigation.

You can read the full text of Moore v. Moore by clicking HERE.

How to Notice the Signs of Child Abuse

The US government claims that there were 872,000 reported cases of child abuse or neglect in 2004.  Of course, there are countless other cases which were not reported.  No child deserves to be mistreated, and it is of the utmost importance that everyone act within their abilities to protect them.

A New York foster care and adoption agency put together a list of warning signs to aid in the detection and reporting of child abuse, which include the following indicators:
  • a child who fails to thrive
  • a child who is improperly dressed for the weather
  • a child who wears ill-fitting clothing or clothing in poor condition
  • a child left without adequate supervision who has been injured by another child in the home
  • a child who has indicated that a parenting adult is withholding food
  • a parenting adult failing to provide adequate hygiene or seek medical attention for a child
  • a child suddenly exhibiting signs of depression
  • a child who is always tired
  • a child who is always late to school
  • a child who rapidly gains a tremendous amount of weight
  • a child who exhibits an unhealthy preoccupation with sex
  • a child whose behavior changes noticeably in any way
Source:  "How To Recognize The Warning Signs Of Child Abuse" by April Jiminez, published at the Long Island Press.  Thanks to Janet Langjahr of the Florida Divorce Law Blog for her post on this subject.

Jury Finds Against Foster Parent in Wrongful Death Lawsuit

The following article was recently posted on my South Carolina Personal Injury Law Blog:

A Tulsa County, Oklahoma jury unanimously awarded $20 million in actual damages to the estate of a 7-month-old girl who died because of negligent care in a foster home. The lawsuit against her foster parent claimed that the child asphyxiated after being left unattended in a "filthy, roach-infested home."

The jury determined that the foster mother "acted in reckless disregard of the rights of others."  The trial judge then instructed jurors that they could consider an award of punitive damages against the foster mother, but the jurors decided not to award any additional money for punitive damages in this case.

The state Department of Human Services, which placed the baby in that foster home, had previously paid $175,000 to settle claims against it in the wrongful death lawsuit. That amount was the maximum DHS could pay under the law.

Source:  "Jury Awards $20 Million in Baby's Foster-Home Death" by Bill Braun, published in the Tulsa World.

Effect of Domestic Violance on the Workplace

Can domestic violence hurt small business owners? A study last year by the University of Arkansas found that almost 40% of female and 22% of male respondents said they had been abused at some point in their lives and that 20% of threats and 72% of stalking incidents occur in the workplace.  These statistics show that everyone in the workplace can be at risk, including business owners, employees, and their customers.  Some highlights and excerpts from this study:

How does domestic violence spill over into the workplace?
Victims report that abuse perpetrators are invading the workplace, especially with stalking behavior like threatening telephone calls, e-mails, following the victim to work, and hanging around the office. Oftentimes other employees witness these events and have concerns for their own safety, and worker productivity is severely affected.
What signs should business owners look for?
Most of the time, the employer isn't even directly aware of the domestic violence. 82% of respondents had not disclosed the problem to a supervisor and 45% had not disclosed the problem to coworkers. However, a sensitive and alert business owner or supervisor might pick up on some of the side effects.

The survey showed that both male and female employees abused by an intimate partner are exhausted more frequently and have more difficulty concentrating at work than employees who aren't abused by an intimate partner.

With regard to productivity, females who said they had been victimized in the previous 12 months reported that they had been distracted, missed work, and were often tardy. Interestingly, male victims didn't report similar effects on their productivity.
What can business owners do to minimize the physical and psychological risks to their employees?
Business owners can contact their local law-enforcement agencies and ask for help and information.  Including information on domestic violence as part of a larger safety program will help alert employees and supervisors to the problem so that they will recognize it when they see it.

The study found that victims who perceived that their organizations or co-workers as supportive reported that the effects of the violence were mitigated in their work lives. They were also were extremely grateful for the support, which gives employers a chance to develop very loyal employees when they assist those who are dealing with domestic violence.
Source: "The Impact of Domestic Violence" by Karen E. Klein, published at BusinessWeek Online.

How to Talk to Children About Domestic Violence

As I posted earlier this week, October is Domestic Violence Awareness Month.  Incidents of domestic violence occur all too often, and many times, children are present during or shortly after such incidents occur.  Not only are these children traumatized by what they may see, it can affect them long term.

Attorney Lynne Z. Gold-Bikin of Wolf, Block, Shorr and Solis-Cohen in Norristown, PA points out that domestic violence does not start with adults, it's a learned behavior -- starting with children.  She says
"When you, as a wife, live in a home where you're abused with children, you need to think about what you're teaching your children. If the children see Dad hitting Mom to end an argument, the girls learn that that's the way arguments are ended and the boys learn that that's the way to end arguments."
Ms. Gold-Bikin believes that it's important for parents to talk to their children about what types of behavior are (and are not ) acceptable, not just with girls but especially with boys.  She says it's also crucial for teens who see boys abuse their girlfriends to step in and stop it.  This is great advice that we can apply to help combat this ongoing problem.

Source:  "Talking to Kids About Domestic Violence" by Karin Phillips, KYW NewsRadio 1060.

Domestic Violence Awareness Month

October is Domestic Violence Awareness Month.  This observation has its origins in the first Day of Unity, which was observed in October, 1981 by the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence.  The intent was to connect battered women’s advocates across the nation who were working to end violence against women and their children.

The Day of Unity soon became a special week with a range of activities were conducted at the local, state, and national levels.  The activities were as varied and diverse as the program sponsors, but with common themes: mourning those who have died because of domestic violence, celebrating those who have survived, and connecting those who work to end violence.

In October 1987, the first Domestic Violence Awareness Month was observed, and that same year the first national toll-free hotline was begun. In 1989, the first Domestic Violence Awareness Month Commemorative Legislation was passed by the U.S. Congress, and it has has passed every year since. 

Source:  National Coalition Against Domestic Violence website.

Protecting Pets From Domestic Abuse

Threats such as "Leave me and I’ll kill the dog" can prevent a battered spouse from leaving his/her home to seek help, according to "Saving Fido" by Arin Greenwood, which was published in a recent ABA Journal eReport.

In response, Maine has become the first state to pass a law giving judges the explicit power to include pets in personal protective orders issued in domestic violence cases, which authorizes pets to be taken into custody and temporarily placed in a foster home for its safety. Apparently, Vermont, New York, and Illinois are all considering similar legislation.

Even before this new law was passed, Maine had already launched a program in 2001 called Pets and Women to Safety (PAWS), which provides foster homes for the pets of domestic violence victims on a confidential basis. At first glance, this might seem to be much ado about nothing, until you consider that Maine State Representative John Piotti estimates that "70 percent of the victims of domestic abuse also have their pets threatened."

Source: Thanks to Jeanne Hannah for her post, "Pets Included in PPOs?," at the Updates in Michigan Family Law blog on this article.

Domestic Violence and Spousal Abuse

If you or someone you know is a victim of spousal abuse, you will be interested in the following article, "Domestic Violence: Spousal Abuse" by Kristen Houghton:

The recent arrest of a man who murdered his young pregnant girlfriend,(who was also the mother of a small child) compelled me to write this article on spousal abuse.The death of this woman at the hands of a man who abused her for over two years is a tragedy that should not have happened and yet it is an all too familiar theme.

The murder of pregnant women by their husbands or boyfriends is on the rise. Twice in the past three years we have seen high profile media coverage concerning the murders of pregnant women by their husbands, the most infamous one, that of Laci Peterson.

Police officials say that domestic violence and spousal abuse are almost always precursors to murder.If the abuser is fueled by alcohol or drugs, death at the hands of the "man who loves you" is a stark and frightening reality.

Unfortunately it is a crime that the victim rarely willingly reports.There is the embarassment of having to show bruises to police officers and doctors; the shame of having the law step into your home and personal problems. Some women even feel that they are to blame for the violent behavior of their spouse or boyfriend beacuse they "did something wrong."

More then sixty percent of all married couples in the United States have some type of spousal abuse in their lives. This abuse can take many forms. Certainly we are all familiar with pictures on television, and in magazines and newspapers of victims who have been physically abused by their spouses.

Abusive behavior, learned from childhood, is the ugly product that produces abusers. What we take with us from our childhoods can be fortunate, or unfortunate, impacting our adult lives. We can treat our spouses with love and compassion or violence and cruelty depending on what we were exposed to as children. It can take years and great soul-searching to correct our approach to how we deal with, and interact with, another person. It may be necessary to attend therapy sessions in anger management or compassionate living to overcome years of what we saw, but swore we’d never become.

Though we are all capable of losing our tempers, physically hurting the person you say you love is always wrong. Hitting, punching, kicking, biting, shoving, any form of physical abuse is not to be tolerated. One time leads to years of pain and suffering.

A form of abuse, that until recently was never discussed because there were no visible signs, is emotional abuse. Friends and family may not even know a person is being emotionally abused. An emotional abuser knows exactly what to say to their spouse to hurt as deeply as possible. Many abusers will rant and rave for hours using demeaning words and profanity. They may also take past painful episodes in the life of their spouse, perhaps a childhood trauma, and use them as weapons.Emotional abuse leaves scars too.

Sometimes emotional and physical abuse combines in a strange and painful way. The emotional abuser’s victim eventually fights back and becomes a person who can become physically violent in an attempt to stop the pain of the razor-sharp words. In that sad case they each become both victims and abusers.

You do not need to be a victim. Get help immediately! There is no shame in asking for help. Contact a lawyer who deals in domestic violence; if you cannot afford one, contact Legal Aid. There are shelters and safe houses for victims of domestic abuse. Leave your house immediately if you feel threatened in any way; go with your gut instinct. Abuse is insidious. Look for the signs. Seek help if your spouse's immediate reaction to any disagreement escalates into the physical. Once abuse starts it rarely stops.

Can a marriage where there has been abuse be saved? Psychiatrists say yes, but only if both spouses consent and only if the abuser is absolutely willing to change abusive behavior. There can be no “I’ll try to change,” there can only be “I will change.” Otherwise it will not work. The abuser in a relationship, needs to be aware of one unbreakable iron-clad rule: there is no going back to old violent behavior patterns. Ever. If that rule is broken the marriage is over. Period.

Healing a fragmented love is a process that takes time and concentrated effort. Unfortunately, in some cases, there may be too much damage done to ever repair. One physical act of abuse is one too many.

Sacred Jude in my Life, Miracles Abound!!

Source: "Domestic Violence: Spousal Abuse" by Kristen Houghton, originally published at BellaOnline.

Recent Case Discusses Termination of Parental Rights

The South Carolina Supreme Court recently issued its opinion in S.C. Dept. of Social Svcs. v. Seegars, in which it affirmed the Family Court's termination of Ms. Seegars' parental rights due to (a) willfully failing to provide support and (b) having a diagnosable condition unlikely to change within a reasonable time.

Under S.C. Code § 20-7-1572(4) the Family Court may order termination of parental rights if:

    The child has lived outside the home of either parent for a period of six months, and during that time the parent has willfully failed to support the child. Failure to support means that the parent has failed to make a material contribution to the child's care. . . .The court may consider all relevant circumstances in determining whether or not the parent has willfully failed to support the child, including requests for support by the custodian and the ability of the parent to provide support.

Whether a parent's failure to support a child is "willful" within the meaning of the statute is a question of intent to be determined in each case from all the facts and circumstances. Conduct of the parent which evinces a settled purpose to forego parental duties may fairly be characterized as "willful" because it manifests a conscious indifference to the rights of the child to receive support and consortium from the parent. S.C. Dep't of Soc. Servs. v. Broome, 307 S.C. 48 (1992).

Ms. Seegars argued that she made material contributions in accordance with her means because she made two partial payments toward child support and the toys, gifts, and money she gave to the children are evidence of material contribution. However, the S.C. Code § 20-7-1572(4) defines "material contribution" as "either financial contributions according to the parent's means or contributions of food, clothing, shelter, or other necessities for the care of the child according to the parent's means." The Court found that toys are not included in this definition and would not be considered in concluding whether she made a material contribution to the children.

S.C. Code § 20-7-1572(6) also provides that the Family Court may order termination of parental rights if:

    The parent has a diagnosable condition unlikely to change within a reasonable time including, but not limited to, alcohol or drug addiction, mental deficiency, mental illness, or extreme physical incapacity, and the condition makes the parent unlikely to provide minimally acceptable care of the child. S.C. Code Ann. § 20-7-1572(6).

In this case, the licensed clinical psychologist, who conducted a psychological evaluation of Ms. Seegars, diagnosed her with schizotypal personality disorder and alleged physical and sexual abuse. She concluded that Ms. Seegars "is not currently or likely ever capable of appropriately caring for her children, financially, emotionally, or intellectually." Therefore, the Court found that there was clear and convincing evidence that Ms. Seegars had a diagnosable condition which was unlikely to change within a reasonable time, and this condition made her unlikely to provide minimally acceptable care of the children.

The Court concluded that termination of Ms. Seegars' parental rights is in the best interests of Children. You can read this opinion, which contains a thorough discussion of these two grounds, here.

State Domestic Violence Coalitions

The following is a list of organizations, throughout the United States, that work on a range of domestic violence related issues. These organizations can be a valuable resource for victims of domestic violence and for attorneys or advocates working with them in either the civil or criminal context.

Alabama Coalition Against Domestic Violence - 334/832-4842

Alaska Network on Domestic Violence & Sexual Assault - 907/586-3650

Arizona Coalition Against Domestic Violence - 602/279-2900

Arkansas Coalition Against Violence to Women & Children - 501/812-0571

Continue Reading...

Myths and Facts About Domestic Violence (Part Three)

Myth: Law enforcement and judicial responses, such as arresting batterers or issuing civil protection orders, are useless.

    Fact: There is a great deal of debate about the efficacy of particular actions by law enforcement or the judiciary. Research on the usefulness of mandatory arrest or civil protection orders has yielded conflicting results. Most experts agree, however, that actions by one piece of the system are only effective when the rest of the criminal justice and civil systems are functioning, and that improved protocols can decrease domestic violence related homicides. Thus, law enforcement officers must make arrests, prosecutors must prosecute domestic violence cases, and courts must enforce orders and impose sanctions for criminal convictions. It is important for batterers to receive the message from the community that domestic violence will not be tolerated, and that the criminal justice and law enforcement systems will be involved until the violence ceases.

Myth: Children are not affected when one parent abuses the other.

    Fact: Studies show that in 50-70% of cases in which a parent abuses another parent, the children are also physically abused. Children also suffer emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and developmental impairments as a result of witnessing domestic violence in the home. In addition, some children (especially boys) who experience domestic violence in their homes grow up to repeat the same behavioral patterns.

    For example, an advocate at a shelter in North Florida reported that one abuser threatened to come to the shelter and kill the victim and anyone who stood in his way. The abuser revealed that he knew where the shelter was because he stayed there as a child when his mother ran away from his father.

Myth: Domestic violence is irrelevant to parental fitness.

    Fact:: Because children often suffer physical and emotional harm from living in violent homes, domestic violence is extremely relevant to parental fitness. A history of domestic violence can indicate that the perpetrating parent physically or emotionally abuses the child as well as the other parent. In addition, abusers frequently use the children as pawns to continue to control the other parent. Further, an abuser's focus on controlling the victim undermines the abuser's ability to parent because the primary concern is not the child. Courts should consider the effects of the abuser's behavior on the children when determining custody and visitation arrangements.

    Some courts mistakenly penalize the victim in custody cases by assuming that the victim is emotionally unstable because of the violence or because the victim "let the violence happen." In most states, however, custody statutes now recognize that domestic violence is relevant to the abuser's parental fitness. Courts in most states are required to consider domestic violence as a factor in custody determinations or employ a presumption that perpetrators should not receive custody of the children.

Source: American Bar Association's Commission on Domestic Violence

Myths and Facts About Domestic Violence (Part Two)

Myth: Victims of domestic violence never leave their abusers, or if they do, they just get involved in other abusive relationships.

    Fact: Most victims of domestic violence leave their abusers, often several times. It may take a number of attempts to permanently separate because abusers use violence, financial control, or threats about the children, to compel victims to return. Additionally, a lack of support from friends, family members, or professionals, such as court personnel, law enforcement officers, counselors, or clergy members, may cause victims to return. Since the risk of further violence often increases after victims separate from their abusers, it can be even harder for victims to leave if they cannot obtain effective legal relief. Victims who receive appropriate legal assistance at an early stage increase their chances of obtaining the protection and financial security they need to leave their abusers permanently. While some victims may become involved with other partners who later begin to abuse them, there is no evidence that the majority of victims have this experience.

Myth: Batterers abuse their partners or spouses because of alcohol or drug abuse.

    Fact: Alcohol or substance abuse does not cause perpetrators of domestic violence to abuse their partners, though it is frequently used as an excuse. Substance abuse may increase the frequency or severity of violent episodes in some cases. Because substance abuse does not cause domestic violence, requiring batterers to attend only substance abuse treatment programs will not effectively end the violence. Such programs may be useful in conjunction with other programs, such as batterer intervention programs.

Myth: Perpetrators of domestic violence abuse their partners or spouses because they are under a lot of stress or unemployed.

    Fact: Stress or unemployment does not cause batterers to abuse their partners. Since domestic violence cuts across socioeconomic lines, domestic abuse cannot be attributed to unemployment or poverty. Similarly, advocates note that if stress caused domestic violence, batterers would assault their bosses or co-workers rather than their intimate partners. Domestic violence flourishes because society condones spouse or partner abuse, and because perpetrators learn that they can achieve what they want through the use of force, without facing serious consequences.

Source: American Bar Association's Commission on Domestic Violence

Myths and Facts About Domestic Violence (Part One)

Myth: Victims of domestic violence like to be beaten.

    Fact: Victims of domestic violence have historically been characterized as masochistic women who enjoy being beaten. Evidence does not support this anachronistic psychological theory. Rather, victims of domestic violence desperately want the abuse to end, and engage in various survival strategies, including calling the police or seeking help from family members, to protect themselves and their children. Silence may also be a survival strategy in some cases. Moreover, enduring a beating to keep the batterer from attacking the children may be a coping strategy used by a victim, but does not mean that the victim enjoys it.

Myth: Victims of domestic violence have psychological disorders.

    Fact: This characterization of battered women as mentally ill stems from the assumption that victims of domestic violence must be sick or they would not "take" the abuse. More recent theories demonstrate that battered women resist abuse in a variety of ways. In addition, most victims of domestic violence are not mentally ill, although individuals with mental disabilities are certainly not immune from being abused by their spouses or intimate partners. Some victims of domestic violence suffer psychological effects, such as post-traumatic stress disorder or depression, as a result of being abused.

Myth: Low self-esteem causes victims to get involved in abusive relationships.

    Fact: Traditional theories presumed that individuals with adequate self-esteem would not "allow" themselves to be abused by intimate partners or spouses. In fact, studies have demonstrated that victims of domestic violence fail to share common characteristics other than being female. There is little support for the theory that low self-esteem causes victims to become involved in abusive relationships, however, some victims may experience a decrease in self-esteem as a result of being abused, since perpetrators frequently degrade, humiliate, and criticize victims.

Source: American Bar Association's Commission on Domestic Violence

Tougher Law Targets Domestic Violence

Excerpts from the above-referenced article published in today's Spartanburg Herald-Journal:

  • South Carolina ranks sixth in the nation for women killed by men.

  • Changes in the South Carolina' criminal domestic violence law include tougher penalties for offenders and additional training for judges.

  • The penalty for a first offense has been increased to a maximum fine of $2,500 or 30 days in jail from a $500 fine or 30 days in jail.

  • Many counties have used federal grants to hire special investigators to handle cases involving violence against women.

  • While no one thinks the changes will cure domestic violence, some hope the increased penalties will make offenders think twice before abusing anyone.

To read the entire article, click here.

Five Ways to Eliminate Domestic Violence

  1. Know What Domestic Violence Is.
    When spouses, intimate partners, or dates use physical violence, threats, emotional abuse, harassment, or stalking to control the behavior of their partners, they are committing domestic violence. Most victims of domestic violence are women. Children who witness domestic violence are also victims; they suffer from behavioral and cognitive problems. Boys, especially, are more likely to be aggressive and engage in criminal behavior if they grow up in homes where domestic violence exists.

  2. Develop A Safety Plan.

    If you, a relative, a friend, or a neighbor are experiencing domestic violence, think about ways to make yourself safer. Leave a spare set of keys, emergency money, important phone numbers, and documents like birth certificates, passports, bankbooks, and insurance papers in a safe place your batterer doesn't know about, for example, with a trusted friend or relative. Plan how to get out of your home quickly and safely, should a battering incident begin. Think about a safe place to go to once you leave your home. If you can, learn local crisis hotline numbers, so that you can call for advice or assistance.

  3. Call 911.

    If you are being battered -- or you know that a relative, friend, or neighbor is being battered by a spouse or intimate partner -- call the police right away for help, if you can get to a phone safely. Don't be afraid to ask for immediate help. Domestic violence is a crime, not a "private family matter."

  4. Exercise Your Legal Rights.

    You -- or anyone else experiencing domestic violence -- have the right to go to court and petition for an order of protection if you have been battered in one of the fifty states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia. In most parts of the country, you can also ask for custody of your children and child support at the same time. You should try to get a lawyer to represent you and protect all of your rights under the law. Call your state or local coalition against domestic violence, a state or local crisis hotline, or the state or local bar association to learn more about where to find legal help.

  5. Get Help For Your Family So That The Violence Will Stop.

    There are many services available to help families struggling with domestic violence. Look in the phone book for the number of your state or local domestic violence coalition or crisis hotline for help in locating the financial, housing, and counseling services needed to break free of domestic violence.

    Source: American Bar Association's Commission on Domestic Violence

Signs of Child Abuse

All parents know that every child gets scratches, bruises, and cuts from time to time. In fact, it is rare that at one of my children (ages 3 and 5) does not have at least one of these at any given time. Discerning "normal" childhood scrapes and bruises from actual abuse can be difficult. Further, not all abuse results in visible or external signs. Responsible adults should remain aware of the following, which can be signs of child abuse in any given case:

  • Physical injuries, such as bruises, black eyes, and broken bones

  • Change in behavior, such as nightmares or trouble sleeping

  • Decline in school performance

  • Poor self-image

  • Inability to love or trust others

  • Aggressive or disruptive behavior

Continue Reading...

Interesting Findings in Study of Child Deaths

A recent study of children younger than five who died from an injury inflicted by a parent or adult caregiver found:

  • Children living with adults unrelated to them are 50 times more likely to die of inflicted injuries than children living with their two biological parents.
Continue Reading...

Types of Child Abuse

Child abuse falls into four categories: physical abuse, physical neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse.

Physical abuse can include the following actions when they are continuous, pervasive, and extreme, and if they are done intentionally to harm a child: hitting;
throwing; kicking; choking; biting; shaking; beating with an object; burning with a match, cigar, or cigarette; scalding with hot water; pushing and holding a child underwater; tying up a child; and starving or failing to provide food for a child.

The following actions can be considered physical neglect if they interfere with a child's growth and development: not providing adequate housing or warm clothing in cold weather; locking a child in a closet or room; leaving a child alone for extended periods of time; not providing medical care when a child is sick or injured; and placing a child in a physically dangerous situation.

Sexual abuse can include: fondling, touching, or kissing a child's sex organs; making a child touch someone else's sex organs; having sex with a child; showing a child pornographic material; showing sex organs to a child
forcing a child to undress; forcing a child to have sex with someone; making a child pose or perform for pornographic pictures or videos; and telling a child "dirty" stories.

Emotional abuse occurs when a parent ignores, terrorizes, blames, belittles, or otherwise makes a child feel that he/she is worthless and incompetent.

Thanks to the excellent article by KidsHealth.org for this information.

Child Abuse Statistics

Take a look at these statistics from KidsHealth.org -- they are frightening and sickening:

  • An estimated one million children are abused every year in the United States. However, these are only the reported incidents -- many more are unreported and undetected, often because children are afraid to tell.
  • Approximately 1,000 to 1,300 U.S. children die as a result of physical abuse, and those who survive suffer emotional trauma that lasts long after the bruises have healed.
  • As many as one out of every eight boys and one out of every four girls are sexually abused before turning 18 years old. In 90% of these cases, sexual abuse occurs in the home, particularly when younger children are involved. Ninety percent of the cases involve an abuser who was previously known to the child.

Again, these statistics do not refer to some third-world, war-torn, or developing nation. These horrible numbers reflect abused children right here in America. Want to see more? The U.S. Department of Health and Human Resources publishes an annual report on the maltreatment of children. Links to reports for the latest three years' are here: 2001 Report, 2002 Report, and 2003 Report.

I believe that this pervasive problem is both a travesty and a national embarrassment. In the coming days, I will devote several posts to this important subject. I hope that you will read these posts, take them to heart, and share this information with others to help turn the tide and protect our children.